RESISTIVITY OF SEMICONDUCTORS BY FOUR PROBE METHOD AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES & BAND GAP DETERMINATION APPARATUS

Description

The Resistivity of Semiconductors by Four Probe Method Apparatus is a standard laboratory setup used to determine the resistivity of semiconductor materials at different temperatures and to calculate the energy band gap of the semiconductor.
This experiment eliminates contact resistance errors and provides highly accurate measurements, making it an essential setup for solid-state physics and semiconductor laboratories.
✅ Key Features
🔬 Four Probe Measurement Technique
Standard four-probe arrangement to eliminate lead and contact resistance
Ensures high accuracy in resistivity measurement
Suitable for intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor samples
🌡 Temperature Variation System
Built-in heater for controlled temperature increase
Uniform heating of the semiconductor sample
Enables resistivity measurements over a wide temperature range
⚡ Highly Stable Regulated Power Supply
Low-noise constant current source
Fine control for precise current adjustment
Ensures reliable and repeatable experimental results
📊 Accurate Electrical Measurement
Sensitive digital/analog voltmeter for voltage measurement
Ammeter for monitoring probe current
Allows plotting of log ρ vs 1/T graph
📐 Band Gap Determination
Band gap calculated from temperature-dependent resistivity data
Clear verification of semiconductor energy gap theory
Ideal for undergraduate and postgraduate experiments
🧱 Robust & Student-Friendly Design
Panel-mounted layout with clearly labeled terminals
Compact, durable, and classroom-safe construction
Easy to operate and maintain
🛡 Safe Laboratory Operation
Low-voltage operation for user safety
Over-current protection provided
Designed for continuous academic use
📊 Typical Applications
Resistivity measurement of semiconductors
Energy band gap determination
Solid-state physics experiments
Semiconductor material characterization
Engineering and MSc physics laboratories
Electronics and materials science practicals
💡 Why Choose This Apparatus?
Accurate four-probe measurement method
Eliminates contact resistance errors
Reliable temperature control for precise results
Ideal for band gap determination experiments
Long-lasting and education-focused design